India has cautioned that proposed US tariffs on countries purchasing Russian oil could place additional strain on its relations with Washington, while maintaining that it will take necessary steps to safeguard its energy and economic interests.

The warning followed the passage of a broad sanctions and tariff bill by the US House of Representatives, which could empower President Donald Trump to impose tariffs of up to 100 per cent on countries such as India.

The proposed legislation is designed to intensify economic pressure on Russia over its war in Ukraine, while also expanding sanctions against Iran and countries that continue to rely on Russian oil and gas.

The bill is now expected to go to Trump for his signature before it can become law.

India’s Ministry of External Affairs said the government was monitoring developments around the legislation and had previously communicated its concerns to US authorities about the possible effects of additional sanctions and tariffs.

The ministry said India had made it clear that it would take measures necessary to protect its trade and economic interests.

New Delhi also cautioned that additional US measures could have implications for bilateral relations as well as broader international energy markets.

India said it would continue to obtain energy from multiple sources, taking market conditions into consideration as part of efforts to maintain energy security.

The government added that it would consult trade and industry stakeholders to evaluate the possible consequences of the US legislation and determine an appropriate response.

India is the world’s third-largest oil importer and has emerged as one of the largest destinations for Russian crude since Moscow launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

Western sanctions imposed on Russia have redirected much of its oil exports towards alternative markets, with India becoming a major buyer.

New Delhi has consistently defended its purchases of Russian crude, arguing that the size of its population and economy makes access to dependable and affordable energy supplies essential.

If enacted, the proposed US measures could increase pressure on India’s energy dealings with Russia and create additional tensions in its relationship with Washington.